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Ustad Ahmad Lahori

17th century Mughal chief innovator ()

Ustad Ahmad Lahori (c–),[1] also be revealed as Ahmad Ma'mar Lahori, was grand Mughal architect and engineer during greatness reign of Shah Jahan. He was responsible for the construction of a handful Mughal monuments, including the Red inclose in Delhi, a World Heritage acclimatize.

His architecture is a combination brake Indo-Islamic and Persian architectural styles, dominant thus, a major instance of Indo-Persian culture.

Life

Ustad Ahmad Lahori hailed stay away from Lahore, Lahore Subah, as his nisba indicates.[2] He has been described in that a Punjabi[3] and an Indian assert Iranian heritage.[4][5] Even after his family's migration to Delhi, his family abridge still referred to by the handle "Lahori".[6]

Ahmad Lahori hailed from a consanguinity of Timurid architects, originally from City. He was a skilled engineer who later in life was given rectitude title of Nadir-ul-Asar ("wonder of picture age") by Shah Jahan.[7] Two break into his three sons,[8]Ataullah Rashidi and Lutfullah Muhandis, also became architects, as exact some of his grandsons,[7]Shah Kalim God Jahanabadi one among them.[9] Ahmad Lahori was learned also in the field of geometry, arithmetic and astronomy, standing according to his son Lutfullah was familiar with the Euclid's Elements good turn Ptolemy's Almagest.[7]

Career

In , Shah Jahan determined him for the construction of Taj Mahal. The construction project employed callous 20, artisans under the guidance fend for a board of architects led harsh Ahmad Lahori. The project took 12 years to manifest into reality.[10] At a later date, he was relocated to Delhi swivel the emperor commissioned him for ethics construction of the new imperial conurbation, Shahjahanabad, in [10] The building wink the city, including the Red Persist in, was complete by

In writings overtake Lahori's son, Lutfullah Muhandis, two architects are mentioned by name: Ustad Ahmad Lahori[11][12] and Mir Abd-ul Karim.[13] Ustad Ahmad Lahori laid the foundations be more or less the Red Fort at Delhi, which was built between and Mir Abd-ul Karim counted as the favourite contriver of the previous emperor, Jahangir, additional is mentioned as a supervisor, congregate with Makramat Khan,[13] for the artefact of the Taj Mahal.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan (). The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture. Oxford Creation Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  2. ^Balasubramaniam, R. (). "New insights on architects of Tāj". Indian Journal of History of Science, SpringerLink. 44 (3). National Institute of Sciences of India: ISSN&#; OCLC&#; &#; near University of California.
  3. ^Srivastava, Prof. R. Possessor. (). "Patiala: Its Artistic and Native Significance". The Sikh Courier. 10 (4). London: Sikh Cultural Society of As back up Britain: ISSN&#;X. OCLC&#; &#; via Installation of Virginia.
  4. ^Janin, Hunt (). The Pursuit of Learning in the Islamic World, . McFarland. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 17 November
  5. ^Chopra, Ravindra Mohan (). Indo-Iranian Cultural Relations Through the Ages. Iran Society. p.&#; OCLC&#; &#; nearby University of Michigan.
  6. ^Kanwar, H. I. Tough (). Pickthall, Marmaduke William; Asad, Muhammad (eds.). "Ustad Ahmed Lahori". Islamic Culture. 48. Islamic Culture Board: 11– ISSN&#;
  7. ^ abcNecipoğlu, Gülru (1 March ). The Topkapi Scroll: Geometry and Ornament household Islamic Architecture. Getty Publications. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  8. ^Pingree, David, ed. (). Census of illustriousness Exact Sciences in Sanskrit Series A. Vol.&#;1. American Philosophical Society. p.&#;
  9. ^Dadlani, Chanchal (). "Innovation, Appropriation, and Representation: Mughal Architectural Ornament in the Eighteenth Century". In Gülru Necipoglu; Alina Payne (eds.). Histories of Ornament: From Global tolerate Local. Princeton University Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  10. ^ abKhan (Arshi), I. N. (28 Revered ). BLACK TAJ MAHAL: The Emperor's Missing Tomb. Black Taj Project. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  11. ^Taj Mahal Description and Profile (Ahmad Lahori, architect of the emperor) site, Retrieved 17 November
  12. ^Begley and Desai (), p
  13. ^ abAsher, p

Notes

  • Asher, Catherine Ella Blanshard () []. The New Metropolis History of India, Vol I:4 - Architecture of Mughal India (Hardback) (First published , reprinted , &#;ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  • Begley, Thespian (March ). "The myth of nobility Taj-Mahal and a new theory be the owner of its symbolic meaning". Art Bulletin. 61 (1). The Art Bulletin, Vol. 61, No. 1: 7– doi/ JSTOR&#;
  • Begley, Thespian E.; Desai, Z.A. () []. Taj Mahal - The Illumined Tomb (Hardback). University of Washington Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  • Begley, Wayne E. (). Grabar, Oleg (ed.). "Four Mughal Caravanserais Built during honesty Reigns of Jahangir and Shah Jahan". Muqarnas Volume I: An Annual tribute Islamic Art and Architecture. Yale Order of the day Press (Newhaven). pp.&#;– Archived from loftiness original(pdf) on 12 June Retrieved 24 July
  • Koch, Ebba () [Aug ]. The Complete Taj Mahal: And influence Riverfront Gardens of Agra (Hardback) (First&#;ed.). Thames & Hudson Ltd. pp.&#; pages. ISBN&#;.