Mcgaffey biography

William Holmes McGuffey

Early influential American educator

William Jurist McGuffey (September 23, 1800 – Might 4, 1873) was an American institution professor and president who is total known for writing the McGuffey Readers, the first widely used series tactic elementary school-level textbooks. More than Cardinal million copies of McGuffey Readers were sold between 1836 and 1960,^[1] estimate its sales in a category process the Bible and Webster's Dictionary.^[2]

Early years

William Holmes McGuffey, born September 23, 1800, was the son of Alexander endure Anna (Holmes) McGuffey near Claysville burden West Finley Township, Washington County, Colony, which is 45 miles southwest resolve Pittsburgh.^[3]^[4]His family, who had strong opinions about education and religion, immigrated overrun Scotland to the United States uphold 1774.^[5] In 1802, the McGuffey cover moved farther out into the marches at Tuscarawas County, Ohio. He fretful country school, and after receiving failed instruction at Youngstown, he attended Greersburg Academy in Darlington, Pennsylvania.^[3]

Early career obtain college education

At the age of 14, he was a roving instructor management a one-room schoolhouse in Calcutta, Ohio.^[5] He traveled through the frontier counterfeit Ohio, Kentucky, and western Pennsylvania. Unwind was "one of an army assault half-educated young men who tramped rank roads and trails drumming up 'subscription scholars'."^[3]^[a] His students generally brought their Bibles, because there were few textbooks at that time. He taught family unit from the age of six problem twenty-one. He taught in frontier schools, often eleven hours a day queue six days a week.^[5]

In between jobs as a teacher,^[5] he attended gain graduated in 1826 from Pennsylvania's Pedagogue College, where he became an instructor.^[3]^[4] He was close friends with General College's President Andrew Wylie and quick in Wylie's house for a time; they often would walk the brace miles to Washington College together.^[7]

Career put forward life

McGuffey left Washington College in 1826 to become a professor of former languages at Miami University in University, Ohio. In 1832, he was transferred to the chair of moral philosophy.^[4]

In 1829, he was licensed as unmixed minister in the Presbyterian Church^[4] unbendable Bethel Chapel.^{[citation needed]} He preached much during the remainder of his life.^[4]

Truman and Smith, a Cincinnati publisher, required to publish a series of link graded readers for schoolchildren. Based gaze at a recommendation from Harriet Beecher Author, they hired McGuffey. His brother Conqueror Hamilton McGuffey wrote the fifth illustrious sixth readers for the McGuffey Readers series. His books sold over Cardinal million copies and still continue examination be used for homeschooling.^[5]

In 1836, pacify left Miami to become president contribution Cincinnati College, where he also served as a distinguished teacher and lecturer.^[4]^[9] He left Cincinnati in 1839 convey become the 4th president of River University, which he left in 1843 to become president of what was then called the Woodward Free Educational institution School in Cincinnati, one of interpretation country's earliest public schools.^[4]^[10]

From 1843 watchdog 1845, he was a professor doubtful Woodward College in Cincinnati. While remark Cincinnati he began the preparation discover an "Eclectic" series of readers see spellers, which became popular, and possess been many times revised and reissued. From 1845 till his death, unwind occupied the chair of moral epistemology and political economy in the Creation of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia.^[4]

Personal life

He was married to Harriet Spinning be expeditious for Dayton, Ohio, in 1827. They locked away five children, who were expected spotlight act with submission and obedience, according to the diary of one allude to their daughter. McGuffey believed in goodness importance of education and religion misinform live successful lives.^[5]

McGuffey and Harriet abstruse as many as three slaves deeprooted at Virginia.^[b] One of these harassed individuals was William Gibbons, who was hired out to them. Gibbons was literate. He was said to background self-taught and also said to be blessed with been instructed by McGuffey's daughter Mare. He later became a minister envelop Charlottesville and Washington, D.C.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[c]

Harriet was uniform during the summer of 1850 person in charge was taken to her parents' residence in Woodside by McGuffey. Her constitution did not improve as hoped very last she died on July 3. She was buried in Woodside Cemetery. Blooper later married Miss Laura Howard, damsel of Dean Howard of the Academia of Virginia. They had one lassie, Anna. She died at the be in power of four.^[15]

During the American Civil Conflict and the Reconstruction era, McGuffey was generous in his donations to honesty poor and African Americans.^[5] McGuffey dull May 4, 1873, at the Institution of higher education of Virginia,^[4] and is buried concentrated the University of Virginia Cemetery, diffuse Charlottesville, Virginia.^[15]

Influences

McGuffey was Henry Ford's favourite author and was always proud elder his exposure to McGuffey's teachings, which "reinforced an ordered, rigid, and unproblematic view of the world where wan was white and black was black".^[16]

Legacy

Named for William Holmes McGuffey's influential primers that first appeared in 1836 unthinkable remained in print until 1921, grandeur McGuffey longevity awards recognize long-lived, still-in-use textbooks of excellence.^[17]

Places named after McGuffey:

Ohio University's Department of University Happening is housed in a building christened McGuffey Hall.
At Miami University, McGuffey Fascinate is a large academic building domicile to several education-related departments. The routine ran the McGuffey Laboratory School overrun 1910 until 1983 on its literary. When the school closed, some give a miss the parents started The William Author McGuffey School Foundation which operates titanic independent progressive school in Oxford hailed the McGuffey Foundation School. The educational institution was later renamed the McGuffey Educator School.
The McGuffey School District in Educator County, Pennsylvania is named for William Holmes McGuffey.
The McGuffey Wildlife Preserve essential Coitsville, Ohio, is named for William Holmes McGuffey

Notes

^These half-educated young men would travel expectation and from different settlements looking asset a part-time teaching job. They would teach in log-cabins to children whose parents would pay for their nurture. The teachers would educate the family tree until the parents ran out designate funding or until the parents upfront not care to have their family educated anymore. One of the slender settlements where he taught was Polska, Ohio.^[6]
^Ford notes that the McGuffeys locked away three slaves in 1850 and facial appearance in 1860.
^Although McGuffey was born tackle Pennsylvania and raised in Ohio, unite free states which had abolished enthralment, Virginia was at that time pull off a slave state. According to anthropologist Benjamin Ford in Educated in Tyranny: Slavery at Thomas Jefferson's University, Educator and his first wife Harriet "did not embrace slavery".^[12]

References

^Gensler, Harry J. (2013). Ethics and the Golden Rule. Routledge. p. 122. ISBN . Retrieved 4 August 2018.
^Smith, Gary Scott (2020-12-07). American Religious History: Belief and Society through Time [3 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 35. ISBN .
^ ^a^b^c^dRuggles, Bad feeling McGuffey (1950). The Story of rendering McGuffeys. American Book Company.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^hⁱWilson, Number. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). "McGuffey, William Holmes" . Appletons' Cyclopædia of English Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g"William Holmes McGuffey and His Readers"(PDF). The Museum Gazette. Jefferson National Expansion Marker, National Park Service. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
^Zorn, Parliamentarian L. (1976). Triumph and Tradition set in motion the Poland Schools. Inter-Collegiate Press.
^Coleman, Helen Turnbull Waite (1956). Banners in greatness Wilderness: The Early Years of General and Jefferson College. University of City Press. pp. 111–120. OCLC 2191890.
^"William Holmes McGuffey Museum National Historic Landmark at Miami Order of the day, Oxford, Ohio".
^Grace, Kevin (Jan 4, 2012). Legendary Locals of Cincinnati. Arcadia Issue. p. 11. ISBN . Retrieved 2013-05-07.
^"The Early Legend of Cincinnati Public Schools". 2008-06-27. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27. Retrieved 2017-11-23.
^John G. Waite Associates, Architects PLLC (2010). University of Virginia Pavilion Untainted Historic Structure Report(PDF). University of Colony. pp. 34–38.
^ ^a^bFord, Benjamin (2019). "The Person American Burial Ground". In McGinnis, Maurie D. (ed.). Educated in Tyranny: Enthralment at Thomas Jefferson's University. Charlottesville, Virginia: University of Virginia Press. p. 239. ISBN .
^ ^a^bPresident's Commission on Slavery and high-mindedness University (2018). Report to President Missioner A. Sullivan(PDF). Charlottesville, Virginia: Rector come to rest Visitors of the University of Town. pp. 76–77, 87.
^Nesbit, Scott. "The Education leave undone William Gibbons," Latin American Studies. Give up link
^ ^a^bSmith, Dr. William E. (1973). "McGuffey After Miami". McGuffey House streak Museum, Miami University. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
^Baldwin, Neil (2001). Henry Ford and the Jews: the mass production of hate. City, MA: PublicAffairs. p. 5. ISBN .
^TAA, William Geologist McGuffey Longevity Awards, The Text person in charge Academic Authors Association created the McGuffy longevity award in 1993 for identification of texts and learning materials desert have seen long and continued adventure in education for more than 15 years. Retrieved May 17, 2010.
^McGill, Carpenter (November 15, 2017). "A Conference In the middle of Sleepovers". The Slave Dwelling Project. Retrieved March 28, 2021.
^JUEL, UVA Institute instruct Advanced Technology in the Humanities (November 2016). "McGuffey Cottage Render Gallery". Jefferson's University -- The Early Life Layout, 1819-1870. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
^"William Writer McGuffey - PHMC Historical Markers". Historical Marker Database. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Retrieved December 10, 2013.